A History of New Years: Rituals

Article published at: Dec 29, 2023
A History of New Years: Rituals
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New Year's celebrations have a rich and diverse history, rooted in ancient traditions and cultural practices from various civilisations around the world. Here's a brief overview:

  1. Ancient Mesopotamia: One of the earliest recorded New Year celebrations dates back over 4,000 years to ancient Mesopotamia. The Babylonians celebrated the New Year around the time of the vernal equinox in late March. They held an 11-day festival called Akitu, involving religious rituals, feasting, and the crowning of a new king or reaffirmation of loyalty to the reigning king.
  2. Ancient Rome: The Romans celebrated New Year's on March 1st in their early calendar, which marked the beginning of the agricultural year. Later, Julius Caesar introduced the Julian calendar, and New Year's Day was moved to January 1st to align with the month named after Janus, the Roman god of beginnings and transitions. This change happened around 46 B.C.
  3. Medieval Europe: During the Middle Ages, various Christian feast days were celebrated as the start of the New Year. January 1st, however, regained popularity as the official New Year's Day by the 16th century.
  4. Chinese New Year: Celebrated between January 21st and February 20th, Chinese New Year follows the lunar calendar. It's a significant festival marked by family reunions, fireworks, parades, and symbolic traditions aimed at welcoming good fortune for the upcoming year.
  5. Islamic New Year: Known as Hijri New Year or Islamic New Year, it marks the beginning of the Islamic lunar calendar. The exact date varies each year and is significant for Muslims who reflect on the migration of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina.
  6. Modern Celebrations: In contemporary times, New Year's Eve and New Year's Day are celebrated with parties, fireworks, countdowns, and various customs across the globe. The iconic Times Square ball drop in New York City and fireworks displays in cities worldwide are just a couple of examples of modern New Year's traditions.

Throughout history and across cultures, New Year's celebrations have been a time for reflection, renewal, and hope for a prosperous and joyous year ahead.

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